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<!-- Module User's Guide -->

<chapter>

	<title>&adminguide;</title>

	<section>
		<title>Overview</title>
		<para>
		This module is designed to be used at intermediate sip proxies like loadbalancers in front of
		registrars and proxies. It provides functions for inserting a Path header including a parameter for
		passing forward the received-&uri; of a registration to the next hop. It also provides a mechanism
		for evaluating this parameter in subsequent requests and to set the destination &uri; according to it.
		</para>
		<section>
			<title>Path Insertion For Registrations</title>
			<para>
			For registrations in a scenario like <quote>[UAC] -> [P1] -> [REG]</quote>,
			the "path" module can be used at the intermediate proxy P1 to insert a Path
			header into the message before forwarding it to the registrar REG. Two functions
			can be used to achieve this:
			<itemizedlist>
				<listitem>
					<para>
					<emphasis>add_path(...)</emphasis> adds a Path header in the form of
					<quote>Path: &lt;sip:1.2.3.4;lr&gt;</quote> to the message using the address
					of the outgoing interface. A port is only added if it's not the default
					port 5060.
					</para>
					<para>
					If a username is passed to the function, it is also included in the Path
					&uri;, like <quote>Path: &lt;sip:username@1.2.3.4;lr&gt;</quote>.
					</para>
				</listitem>

				<listitem>
					<para>
					<emphasis>add_path_received(...)</emphasis> also add a Path header in the
					same form as above, but also adds a parameter indicating the received-&uri;
					of the message, like
					<quote>Path: &lt;sip:1.2.3.4;received=sip:2.3.4.5:1234;lr&gt;</quote>. This
					is especially useful if the proxy does NAT detection and wants to pass
					the NAT'ed address to the registrar.
					</para>
					<para>
					If the function is called with a username, it's included in the Path &uri; too.
					</para>
				</listitem>
			</itemizedlist>
			</para>
			<para>
				Note that some SIP registrars may check if header Supported includes 'path'. It
				can be added in &kamailio;.cfg using append_hf() from textops module.
			</para>
		<example>
		<title>Add Supported header</title>
		<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
append_hf("Supported: path\r\n");
...
</programlisting>
		</example>
		</section>
		<section>
			<title>Outbound routing to NAT'ed UACs</title>
			<para>
			If the NAT'ed address of an UAC is passed to the registrar, the registrar routes back
			subsequent requests using the Path header of the registration as Route header of the
			current request. If the intermediate proxy had inserted a Path header including the
			<quote>received</quote> parameter during the registration, this parameter will show up
			in the Route header of the new request as well, allowing the intermediate proxy to route
			to this address instead of the one propagated in the Route &uri; for tunneling through NAT.
			This behaviour can be activated by setting the module parameter <quote>use_received</quote>.
			</para>
		</section>
	</section>

	<section>
	<title>Dependencies</title>
	<section>
		<title>&kamailio; Modules</title>
		<para>
		The following modules must be loaded before this module:
			<itemizedlist>
			<listitem>
			<para>
				The "rr" module is needed for outbound routing according to the <quote>received</quote>
				parameter.
			</para>
			</listitem>
			<listitem>
			<para>
				The "outbound" module is needed for outbound routing as per RFC 5626.
			</para>
			</listitem>
			</itemizedlist>
		</para>
	</section>
	<section>
		<title>External Libraries or Applications</title>
		<para>
		The following libraries or applications must be installed before
		running &kamailio; with this module loaded:
			<itemizedlist>
			<listitem>
			<para>
				<emphasis>None</emphasis>.
			</para>
			</listitem>
			</itemizedlist>
		</para>
	</section>
	</section>

	<section>
	<title>Parameters</title>
	<section id="path.p.use_received">
		<title><varname>use_received</varname> (int)</title>
		<para>
		If set to 1, the <quote>received</quote> parameter of the first Route &uri; is evaluated and
		used as destination-&uri; if present.
		</para>
		<para>
		<emphasis>
			Default value is 0.
		</emphasis>
		</para>
		<example>
		<title>Set <varname>use_received</varname> parameter</title>
		<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
modparam("path", "use_received", 1)
...
</programlisting>
		</example>
	</section>
	<section id="path.p.received_format">
		<title><varname>received_format</varname> (int)</title>
		<para>
			If set to 0, the <quote>received</quote> parameter value will be
			in the escaped SIP URI format.
		</para>
		<para>
			If set to 1, the <quote>received</quote> parameter value will be
			in the same format as the <quote>alias</quote> parameter added by
			set_contact_alias() from <quote>nathelper</quote> module (i.e.,
			<quote>ip~port~protid</quote>). This is a solution with some
			SIP applications that incorrectly match the transport from
			received parameter instead of the one from the SIP URI.
		</para>
		<para>
		<emphasis>
			Default value is 0.
		</emphasis>
		</para>
		<example>
		<title>Set <varname>received_format</varname> parameter</title>
		<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
modparam("path", "received_format", 1)
...
</programlisting>
		</example>
	</section>
	<section id="path.p.received_name">
		<title><varname>received_name</varname> (str)</title>
		<para>
			Set the name of the header parameter to add the
			<quote>received</quote> value.
		</para>
		<para>
		<emphasis>
			Default value is "received".
		</emphasis>
		</para>
		<example>
		<title>Set <varname>received_name</varname> parameter</title>
		<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
modparam("path", "received_name", "rcv")
...
</programlisting>
		</example>
	</section>
	<section id="path.p.enable_r2">
		<title><varname>enable_r2</varname> (int)</title>
		<para>
		If set to 1, the module will add two Path headers, similar to the
		double Record-Route done by rr module. One Path headers corresponds
		to incoming network socket and the other to outgoing network socket.
		The URIs in the Path headers will have the 'r2=on' parameter as well.
		</para>
		<para>
		Note: if enabled, the module adds the two Path headers even when the
		incoming socket is the same as outgoing socket. Improvements to skip
		the second Path header in this case may be introduced in the future,
		meanwhile, if you need to enable this parameter but also deal with
		same socket routing, use 'insert_hf("Path: &lt;$Ru&gt;\r\n")'.
		</para>
		<para>
		<emphasis>
			Default value is 0.
		</emphasis>
		</para>
		<example>
		<title>Set <varname>enable_r2</varname> parameter</title>
		<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
modparam("path", "enable_r2", 1)
...
</programlisting>
		</example>
	</section>
	<section id="path.p.sockname_mode">
		<title><varname>sockname_mode</varname> (int)</title>
		<para>
		If set to 1, the Path URI is built to contain socket name in 'sn' parameter.
		</para>
		<para>
		<emphasis>
			Default value is 0.
		</emphasis>
		</para>
		<example>
		<title>Set <varname>sockname_mode</varname> parameter</title>
		<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
modparam("path", "sockname_mode", 1)
...
</programlisting>
		</example>
	</section>
	</section>

	<section>
	<title>Functions</title>
	<section id="path.f.add_path">
		<title>
		<function moreinfo="none">add_path()</function>
		</title>
		<para>
		This function is used to insert a Path header in the form
		<quote>Path: &lt;sip:1.2.3.4;lr&gt;</quote>, where <quote>1.2.3.4</quote> is the address
		of the outgoing interface.
		</para>
		<para>
		If the <quote>outbound</quote> module was loaded before this module, and outbound is
		required for this request, the header will be in the form
		<quote>Path: &lt;sip:flowtoken@1.2.3.4;lr;ob&gt;</quote>, where <quote>flowtoken</quote>
		is the RFC 5626 flow-token that can be used to identify the source and local address and
		transport the request was received on, and where <quote>1.2.3.4</quote> is the address of
		the outgoing interface.
		</para>
		<para>
		This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE.
		</para>
		<example>
		<title><function>add_path</function> usage</title>
		<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
if (!add_path()) {
	sl_send_reply("503", "Internal Path Error");
	...
};
...
</programlisting>
		</example>
	</section>

	<section id="path.f.add_path_u">
		<title>
		<function moreinfo="none">add_path(user)</function>
		</title>
		<para>
		This function adds a Path header in the form
		<quote>Path: &lt;sip:user@1.2.3.4;lr&gt;</quote>.
		</para>
		<para>Meaning of the parameters is as follows:</para>
		<itemizedlist>
		<listitem>
			<para>
			<emphasis>user</emphasis> - The username to be inserted as user part.
			SPVE is supported.
			</para>
		</listitem>
		</itemizedlist>
		<para>
		This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE.
		</para>
		<example>
		<title><function>add_path(user)</function> usage</title>
		<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
if (!add_path("loadbalancer")) {
	sl_send_reply("503", "Internal Path Error");
	...
};
...
</programlisting>
		</example>
	</section>

	<section id="path.f.add_path_up">
		<title>
		<function moreinfo="none">add_path(user, parameters)</function>
		</title>
		<para>
		This function adds a Path header in the form
		<quote>Path: &lt;sip:user@1.2.3.4;lr&gt;</quote> and appends the
		given <emphasis>parameters</emphasis> as additional URI parameters.
		</para>
		<para>Meaning of the parameters is as follows:</para>
		<itemizedlist>
		<listitem>
			<para>
			<emphasis>user</emphasis> - The username to be inserted as user part.
			SPVE is supported.
			</para>
		</listitem>
		<listitem>
			<para>
			<emphasis>parameters</emphasis> - Additional URI parameters to be
			appended to the URI. The semicolon separator is added automatically.
			The script writer is responsible for proper URI escaping.
			SPVE is supported.
			</para>
		</listitem>
		</itemizedlist>
		<para>
		This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE.
		</para>
		<example>
		<title><function>add_path(user, parameters)</function> usage</title>
		<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
if (!add_path("loadbalancer", "ob")) {
	sl_send_reply("503", "Internal Path Error");
	...
};
...
</programlisting>
		</example>
	</section>

	<section id="path.f.add_path_rcv">
		<title>
		<function moreinfo="none">add_path_received()</function>
		</title>
		<para>
		This function adds a Path header in the form
		<quote>Path: &lt;sip:1.2.3.4;received=sip:2.3.4.5:1234;lr&gt;</quote>, setting its own
		outgoing address as domain-part, and the address the request has been received from as
		received-parameter.
		</para>
		<para>
		If the <quote>outbound</quote> module was loaded before this module, and outbound is
		required for this request, the header will be in the form
		<quote>Path: &lt;sip:flowtoken@1.2.3.4;lr;received=sip:2.3.4.5:1234;ob&gt;</quote>, where <quote>flowtoken</quote>
		is the RFC 5626 flow-token that can be used to identify the source and local address and
		transport the request was received on, and where <quote>1.2.3.4</quote> is the address of
		the outgoing interface.
		</para>
		<para>
		This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE.
		</para>
		<example>
		<title><function>add_path_received()</function> usage</title>
		<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
if (!add_path_received()) {
	sl_send_reply("503", "Internal Path Error");
	...
};
...
</programlisting>
		</example>
	</section>

	<section id="path.f.add_path_rcv_u">
		<title>
		<function moreinfo="none">add_path_received(user)</function>
		</title>
		<para>
		This function adds a Path header in the form
		<quote>Path: &lt;sip:user@1.2.3.4;received=sip:2.3.4.5:1234;lr&gt;</quote>, setting
		'user' as username part of address, its own
		outgoing address as domain-part, and the address the request has been received from as
		received-parameter.
		</para>
		<para>
		This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE.
		</para>
		<example>
		<title><function>add_path_received(user)</function> usage</title>
		<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
if (!add_path_received("inbound")) {
	sl_send_reply("503", "Internal Path Error");
	...
};
...
</programlisting>
		</example>
	</section>

	<section id="path.f.add_path_rcv_up">
		<title>
		<function moreinfo="none">add_path_received(user, parameters)</function>
		</title>
		<para>
		This function adds a Path header in the form
		<quote>Path: &lt;sip:user@1.2.3.4;received=sip:2.3.4.5:1234;lr&gt;</quote>, setting
		'user' as username part of address, its own
		outgoing address as domain-part, and the address the request has been received from as
		received-parameter.
		</para>
		<para>
		This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE.
		</para>
		<example>
		<title><function>add_path_received(user, parameters)</function> usage</title>
		<programlisting format="linespecific">
...
if (!add_path_received("inbound", "ob")) {
	sl_send_reply("503", "Internal Path Error");
	...
};
...
</programlisting>
		</example>
	</section>


	</section>


</chapter>
